Kiwifruit varieties – which kiwifruit plants and vines to buy 獼猴桃品種-購(gòu)買(mǎi)哪些獼猴桃植物和葡萄藤

redkiwifruit

Kiwifruit varieties - which kiwifruit plants and vines to buy 獼猴桃品種-購(gòu)買(mǎi)哪些獼猴桃植物和葡萄藤
Insights

▲Kiwifruit pollen

June 20, 2020
There are three main kiwifruit varieties currently grown commercially in New Zealand. Green (Hayward) and SunGold g3 (Gold3) form the large majority of producing hectares. More recently, a new Red coloured kiwifruit variety has also become commercially available but only a small amount of license is currently available. The variety you grow will depend on several factors including license availability, your orchard site, overall budget and desired returns.

▲Yellow kiwi

新西蘭目前有三種主要的獼猴桃品種進(jìn)行商業(yè)種植。綠色（Hayward）和陽(yáng)光金果（Gold3）構(gòu)成了大部分生產(chǎn)公頃。最近，一種新的紅色獼猴桃品種也已上市，但目前只有少量許可證。您種植的品種將取決于幾個(gè)因素，包括許可證可用性、您的果園場(chǎng)地、總體預(yù)算和預(yù)期回報(bào)。

▲Red heart kiwifruit seedling

When choosing a variety, there are several key questions you will need to answer. These are:

What budget are you working to and what are your expectations around returns? Gold3 has higher returns, but also costs significantly more to grow compared to Hayward due to the cost of license
What are your desired time frames from planting to full production? Gold3 and Red varieties generally reach full production in a shorter timeframe than Hayward
Site factors: Some varieties are better suited in some regions and/or sites
This article is designed to help growers and investors understand the different kiwifruit varieties in New Zealand and which are available to buy from Southern Cross Horticulture.

▲redkiwifruit▲

選擇品種時(shí)，您需要回答幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。這些是：

您的預(yù)算是多少？您對(duì)回報(bào)的期望是什么？Gold3的回報(bào)更高，但由于許可證成本的原因，與Hayward相比，它的增長(zhǎng)成本也要高得多

從種植到全面生產(chǎn)，您希望的時(shí)間框架是什么？Gold3和Red品種通常比Hayward在更短的時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)全面生產(chǎn)

場(chǎng)地因素：某些品種更適合某些地區(qū)和/或場(chǎng)地

本文旨在幫助種植者和投資者了解新西蘭不同的獼猴桃品種，這些品種可從Southern Cross園藝公司購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

▲紅心獼猴桃圖片▲

Gold Kiwifruit Cultivars
Gold kiwifruit are smooth, oval fruit with a vibrant yellow colour and tropical taste: something like a cross between a mango and a strawberry. Compared to their Green counterpart they have a smaller core, fewer seeds and less fuzz.

▲黃心獼猴桃花粉

金獼猴桃品種

金色獼猴桃是一種光滑的橢圓形水果，具有鮮明的黃色和熱帶風(fēng)味：有點(diǎn)像芒果和草莓的雜交。與綠色植物相比，它們的核更小，種子更少，絨毛更少。

▲kiwifruit▲

Since their development in the 1990s, Gold kiwifruit have steadily increased in popularity with Zespri producing more than 75 million trays of the highly nutritious fruit in 2019. Gold kiwifruit grows well in most of the main growing regions and is generally better suited compared to Hayward to areas that have warmer winters like Northland and Auckland.

▲zespri kiwifruit

自20世紀(jì)90年代開(kāi)發(fā)以來(lái)，黃金獼猴桃的受歡迎程度穩(wěn)步提高，2019年Zespri生產(chǎn)了超過(guò)7500萬(wàn)盤(pán)高營(yíng)養(yǎng)水果。黃金獼猴桃在大多數(shù)主要種植區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)良好，與海沃德相比，通常更適合冬季較暖的地區(qū)，如北國(guó)和奧克蘭。

▲獼猴桃苗

G3 - Zespri SunGold Kiwifruit
Zespri SunGold kiwifruit are juicy, refreshing and sweet with just a hint of sour flavour. The female cultivar for Zespri SunGold is referred to as ‘Gold3’ and all orchards that grow Gold3 plants require a license from Zespri Group Limited.

▲redkiwifruit

G3-Zespri SunGold獼猴桃

Zespri SunGold獼猴桃多汁、清爽、甜甜，略帶酸味。Zespri SunGold的雌性品種被稱為“Gold3”，所有種植Gold3植物的果園都需要Zespri Group Limited的許可證。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲

Gold3 was developed between 2010 and 2012 to be more resistant to Psa-V bacteria than the previous Gold cultivar, Hort16A. It is essential to buy disease-free plants from a certified KVH nursery like Southern Cross Horticulture.

Gold3是在2010年至2012年之間開(kāi)發(fā)的，比之前的黃金品種Hort16A更能抵抗Psa-V細(xì)菌。必須從認(rèn)證的KVH苗圃（如南十字園藝）購(gòu)買(mǎi)無(wú)病植物。

▲紅心獼猴桃花粉

Male Cultivars for Zespri SunGold kiwifruit
New Zealand growers should look to pair their Gold3 female plants primarily with the M33 male cultivar to maximise their yield.

Zespri SunGold獼猴桃雄性品種

新西蘭種植者應(yīng)將其Gold3雌株與M33雄株配對(duì)，以最大限度地提高產(chǎn)量。

▲獼猴桃花粉

More recently, a small selection of new male cultivars became commercially available to growers which offer a different flowering window to M33. While the industry is still learning the exact fit of these new cultivars, the addition of a small number to an orchard could offer benefits to pollination in some settings where male and female synchronicity is challenging.

最近，一小部分新的雄性品種在市場(chǎng)上可供種植者選擇，這為M33提供了一個(gè)不同的開(kāi)花窗口。雖然業(yè)界仍在學(xué)習(xí)這些新品種的精確匹配性，但在果園中添加少量品種可能會(huì)在某些環(huán)境中為授粉帶來(lái)好處，因?yàn)樾坌院痛菩酝叫跃哂刑魬?zhàn)性。

▲新西蘭rubyred寶石紅奇異果

Our horticultural staff can help advise growers and investors on finding the right ratio of male and female plants and how these should be positioned in your orchard.

我們的園藝工作人員可以幫助種植者和投資者找到合適的雌雄植物比例，以及如何在果園中定位。

▲kiwifruit seedling

Green Kiwifruit Cultivars
Traditional Green Kiwifruit are an iconic image of New Zealand identity. In 1927, a Kiwi grower by the name of Hayward Wright bred a new cultivar, now known as ‘Hayward’, which became the standard cultivar of exported Green Kiwifruit.

▲Kiwi pollination▲

綠色獼猴桃品種

傳統(tǒng)的綠色獼猴桃是新西蘭的標(biāo)志性形象。1927年，一位名叫海沃德·賴特的獼猴桃種植者培育了一個(gè)新品種，現(xiàn)在被稱為“海沃德”，成為出口綠色獼猴桃的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品種。

▲Kiwifruit planting

Green Kiwifruit has a vibrant, fresh taste with a more tangy flavour than their Golden counterparts. They are packed with essential vitamins and nutrients and are still grown abundantly in both organic and conventional orchards.

綠色獼猴桃味道鮮美，比金色獼猴桃味道更濃烈。它們富含必需的維生素和營(yíng)養(yǎng)，在有機(jī)果園和傳統(tǒng)果園中仍大量生長(zhǎng)。

Buy your green Kiwifruit plants here from Southern Cross Horticulture.

從南十字園藝中心購(gòu)買(mǎi)綠色獼猴桃植物。

▲Kiwifruit pollen

Hayward - Zespri Green Kiwifruit
Zespri’s Green Kiwifruit are a vibrant, emerald green colour with a white core and black seeds. They are full of fibre, vitamin C and antioxidants making them a naturally juicy and refreshing fruit that both supports and enhances digestive health.

▲Yellow kiwi orchard

海沃德-Zespri綠色獼猴桃

Zespri的綠色獼猴桃是一種充滿活力的翠綠色水果，果核為白色，種子為黑色。它們富含纖維、維生素C和抗氧化劑，是一種天然多汁、清爽的水果，既能支持消化健康，又能增強(qiáng)消化健康。

▲redkiwifruit▲

Growers do not need a license to grow Zespri Green kiwifruit. The convenience of this must, however, be balanced against current consumer demand and higher returns for Gold fruit.

種植者種植Zespri綠色獼猴桃不需要許可證。然而，這種便利性必須與當(dāng)前的消費(fèi)者需求和黃金水果的更高回報(bào)相平衡。

▲Kiwifruit pollen

Buy your plants here from Southern Cross Horticulture.

Male cultivars for Zespri Green Kiwifruit
The female ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit plant is best matched with a male cultivar called Chieftain. The number of male vines required will depend on how the orchard is setup – Southern Cross Horticulture can advise as required.

▲佳沛陽(yáng)光金果

從南十字園藝公司購(gòu)買(mǎi)您的植物。

Zespri綠色獼猴桃雄性品種

雌性“海沃德”獼猴桃與雄性品種Chieftain最為匹配。所需的雄藤數(shù)量將取決于果園的設(shè)置方式——南十字園藝公司可根據(jù)需要提供建議。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲

Zespri Red Kiwifruit
2020 saw the release of 150 hectares of licensing from Zespri for their new Red kiwifruit variety known as Red19. The red-centred kiwifruit brings a sweet, juicy, berry-twist to the SunGold flavour.

玉米紅獼猴桃

2020年，Zespri為其新的紅色獼猴桃品種Red19發(fā)放了150公頃的許可證。以紅色為中心的獼猴桃為SunGold風(fēng)味帶來(lái)了甜美多汁的漿果風(fēng)味。

▲kiwifruit seedling

Growers interested in obtaining licenses for Red19 will need to enter the annual tender process through Zespri Limited. At Southern Cross Horticulture we can support growers to understand the license application process.

有興趣獲得Red19許可證的種植者需要通過(guò)Zespri Limited進(jìn)入年度招標(biāo)過(guò)程。在南十字園藝公司，我們可以幫助種植者了解許可證申請(qǐng)流程。

▲獼猴桃苗

Red19 - Red Kiwifruit Cultivars
The most recent innovation in Kiwifruit growing has been the introduction of Red kiwifruit varieties. The refreshing, raspberry taste of the fruit has been well-received in market trials and the first fruit will begin commercial growing in New Zealand in 2020.

▲Yellow kiwi

Red19-紅色獼猴桃品種

獼猴桃種植的最新創(chuàng)新是引進(jìn)了紅色獼猴桃品種。這款水果清新的覆盆子味道在市場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)中廣受歡迎，第一款水果將于2020年在新西蘭開(kāi)始商業(yè)種植。

Because Red kiwifruit is relatively new, the industry is still learning the best methods and the best locations/sites to optimise productivity and returns.

由于紅色獼猴桃相對(duì)較新，該行業(yè)仍在學(xué)習(xí)最佳方法和最佳地點(diǎn)，以優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)力和回報(bào)。

▲獼猴桃花粉▲

Red19 - Graft options to grow Zespri Red Kiwifruit
Like SunGold, Red19 can be paired with M33 male plants for pollination along with MC79 and Russell male plants.

Red19-種植紅獼猴桃的嫁接選擇

像SunGold一樣，Red19可以與M33雄性植物配對(duì)，與MC79和Russell雄性植物一起授粉。

Growing Organic Kiwifruit
For growers and consumers who are looking for sustainable production practices that protect the environment, deciding to grow organic kiwifruit allows growers and consumers to retain the great taste of Zespri kiwifruit alongside 100% organic inputs.

▲有機(jī)紅心獼猴桃照片▲

種植有機(jī)獼猴桃

對(duì)于尋求保護(hù)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐的種植者和消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，決定種植有機(jī)獼猴桃可以讓種植者與消費(fèi)者在100%有機(jī)投入的同時(shí)保留Zespri獼猴桃的美味。

Choosing a region and site for an Organic kiwifruit requires careful consideration. Winter chilling, soil type and pest and disease prevalence all contribute to the management of an Organic kiwifruit orchard.

選擇一個(gè)地區(qū)和地點(diǎn)種植有機(jī)獼猴桃需要仔細(xì)考慮。冬季寒冷、土壤類(lèi)型和病蟲(chóng)害流行都有助于有機(jī)獼猴桃果園的管理。

▲在紅心獼猴桃商量訂貨▲

All Zespri Organic kiwifruit are grown to leading international standards and certified through a rigorous process that is overseen by BioGro, New Zealand. In order to meet the requirements for certification, organic kiwifruit need to adhere to stringent international standards.

所有Zespri有機(jī)獼猴桃均按照領(lǐng)先的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)種植，并通過(guò)新西蘭BioGro監(jiān)督的嚴(yán)格流程認(rèn)證。為了滿足認(rèn)證要求，有機(jī)獼猴桃需要遵守嚴(yán)格的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

▲kiwifruit獼猴桃▲

Zespri take great pride in reducing their environmental impact and even the label on Zespri organic is biodegradable and can be thrown on the compost heap.

Zespri以減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響而自豪，甚至Zespri organic上的標(biāo)簽都是可生物降解的，可以扔在堆肥堆上。

Before growing organic fruit, growers should work closely with horticultural specialists like our Southern Cross staff, to assess the growing conditions present in their orchard. This will give you the best chance for high, successful kiwifruit yield.

在種植有機(jī)水果之前，種植者應(yīng)與園藝專(zhuān)家（如我們的南十字工作人員）密切合作，評(píng)估果園中的生長(zhǎng)條件。這將為您提供獲得高成功獼猴桃產(chǎn)量的最佳機(jī)會(huì)。

▲kiwifruit▲

Zespri Organic Kiwifruit
Organic kiwifruit are not a different variety, but a different method of growing. For this reason, organic fruit do not have a different cultivar name.

Zespri有機(jī)獼猴桃

有機(jī)獼猴桃不是一個(gè)不同的品種，而是一種不同的種植方法。因此，有機(jī)水果沒(méi)有不同的品種名稱。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲

To grow Zespri Organic SunGold [G3] or Zespri Organic Red [Red19], growers will need to bid in the annual tender for a specific organic license from Zespri.

要種植Zespri Organic SunGold[G3]或Zespri有機(jī)紅[Red19]，種植者需要在Zespri的特定有機(jī)許可證年度招標(biāo)中進(jìn)行投標(biāo)。

（獼猴桃苗）

You do not require a Zespri license to grow any male cultivars or Organic Green fruit, however, these plants would still be required to meet the BioGro certification standards for organic kiwifruit.

種植任何雄性品種或有機(jī)綠色水果不需要Zespri許可證，但是，這些植物仍需符合BioGro有機(jī)獼猴桃認(rèn)證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

▲kiwifruit獼猴桃▲

Choosing a rootstock for your kiwifruit cultivars
Choosing a rootstock for your kiwifruit cultivars is often based on the soil type and condition within your orchard but it is also worth understanding how it will influence the management and productivity of the fruiting kiwifruit scion. The right choice of rootstock for your orchard will create the best platform for productivity in future years.

為您的獼猴桃品種選擇砧木

選擇獼猴桃品種的砧木通常基于果園內(nèi)的土壤類(lèi)型和條件，但也值得了解它將如何影響果實(shí)獼猴桃接穗的管理和生產(chǎn)力。果園砧木的正確選擇將為未來(lái)幾年的生產(chǎn)力創(chuàng)造最佳平臺(tái)。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲

The two primary rootstocks used by New Zealand growers are Bruno and Bounty71. Bruno has been commonly used as a reliable and productive rootstock by growers since the late 1970’s and is found on the majority of NZ’s Green, Gold and Red kiwifruit orchards. Bounty is a relatively new option (released to the industry in 2012), but it is generally considered to have better tolerance to heavy, poorly drained soil conditions and may in some settings offer additional benefits to yield and fruit quality.

新西蘭種植者使用的兩種主要砧木是Bruno和Bounty71。自20世紀(jì)70年代末以來(lái)，Bruno已被種植者普遍用作可靠和高產(chǎn)的砧木，并在新西蘭大多數(shù)綠色、金色和紅色獼猴桃果園中發(fā)現(xiàn)。Bounty是一個(gè)相對(duì)較新的選擇（2012年發(fā)布給業(yè)界），但通常認(rèn)為它對(duì)重度、排水不良的土壤條件具有更好的耐受性，在某些情況下，它可能會(huì)為產(chǎn)量和水果質(zhì)量帶來(lái)額外的好處。

▲kiwifruit▲

Partnering with Southern Cross Horticulture gives you the opportunity to work closely with our horticultural staff who can visit your orchard, test soil quality and offer advice on which rootstock would be best for your kiwifruit vines.

與南十字園藝公司合作，讓您有機(jī)會(huì)與我們的園藝人員密切合作，他們可以參觀您的果園，測(cè)試土壤質(zhì)量，并就哪種砧木最適合您的獼猴桃藤提供建議。

（獼猴桃花粉）

The grafting process combines your fruiting varieties of choice with the rootstock best suited to your land. You can read more about the grafting process in 016 – Buy kiwifruit vines to find out about our exacting standards and the premium quality kiwifruit plants available from our KVH certified Nurseries.

嫁接過(guò)程將您選擇的果實(shí)品種與最適合您土地的砧木結(jié)合起來(lái)。您可以在2016年閱讀更多關(guān)于嫁接過(guò)程的信息–購(gòu)買(mǎi)獼猴桃藤，了解我們嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及KVH認(rèn)證苗圃提供的優(yōu)質(zhì)獼猴桃植物。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲

Order your plants from an authorised Kiwifruit Nursery
The best way to ensure you grow strong, healthy kiwifruit vines that produce a high yield of fruit is to purchase them from an authorised Kiwifruit Nursery.

從授權(quán)的獼猴桃苗圃訂購(gòu)您的植物

確保您種植結(jié)實(shí)、健康、產(chǎn)量高的獼猴桃藤的最佳方法是從授權(quán)的獼猴桃苗圃購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

KVH Certified Nurseries provide growers and investors with the peace of mind that they are purchasing disease-free, certified plants of the highest possible standard.

KVH認(rèn)證苗圃讓種植者和投資者放心，因?yàn)樗麄冋谫?gòu)買(mǎi)最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的無(wú)病認(rèn)證植物。

▲紅心獼猴桃圖片▲

Ready to get started?
To find out more about our plants and plant availability please use the following nursery enquiry form, and one of our team will get back to you as soon as possible.

準(zhǔn)備好開(kāi)始了嗎？

要了解更多關(guān)于我們的植物和植物可用性的信息，請(qǐng)使用以下苗圃咨詢表，我們的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將盡快回復(fù)您。

▲紅陽(yáng)獼猴桃豐產(chǎn)果園圖片▲

If you’d like to know more about establishing your own kiwifruit orchard, the first step is for us to meet. We’d welcome the opportunity to visit your land, to listen to your vision, and discuss the potential to create a world-class orchard with you.

如果您想了解更多關(guān)于建立自己的獼猴桃果園的信息，第一步是讓我們見(jiàn)面。我們歡迎有機(jī)會(huì)參觀您的土地，聆聽(tīng)您的愿景，并與您討論創(chuàng)建世界級(jí)果園的潛力。

▲redkiwifruit獼猴桃▲